[Trends in mortality and causes of death among persons with HIV infection, 1985-2004]. / Cambios en la mortalidad y en las causas de defunción en las personas con diagnóstico de infección por el VIH, 1985-2004.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the changes in causes of death among persons with HIV infection. METHODS: An analysis of mortality according to cause was performed in persons diagnosed with HIV infection and residing in the province of Navarre (Spain) from 1985 to 2004. RESULTS: Among 1,649 persons diagnosed with HIV infection up to 2004, 709 (43.0%) had died. Mortality reached the maximum in 1993-1996 with 83.1 deaths per 1,000 person-years (PY). Since that time and up to 2001-2004, mortality due to AIDS decreased from 68.3 to 14.1 per 1,000 PY (p = 0.0001). From 1989-1992 period to the 2001-2004 period, mortality due to drug overdose dropped from 9.2 to 3.6 per 1,000 PY (p = 0.0035) and mortality due to hepatic disease rose from 1.6 to 6.6 per 1000 PY (p = 0.0061), with no significant changes in all other causes. In 2001-2004, AIDS continued to be the first cause of death (44.4%) in this population, followed by hepatic disease (20.9%) and drug overdose (11.3%). In the era of potent antiretroviral therapy (1997-2004), death caused by AIDS (rate ratio = 0.63; p = 0.0344) and by all other causes (RR = 0.59; p = 0.0232) was lower among women. In addition, mortality due to causes other than AIDS was higher in persons 40 years of age and older (RR = 1.77; P = 0.0050) and mortality was lower in homosexual men (RR = 0.22; p = 0.0360). A simultaneous diagnosis of HIV infection and AIDS was associated with higher mortality by AIDS (RR, 3.39; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: AIDS continues to be the primary cause of death in HIV-infected people, and mortality due to hepatic diseases and drug overdose is high. Early diagnosis of HIV-infection would reduce the incidence of deaths due to AIDS.

Cambios en la mortalidad y en las causas de defunción en las personas con diagnóstico de infección por el VIH, 1985-2004 / Trends in mortality and causes of death among personswith HIV infection, 1985-2004

Objetivo. Describir los cambios en la mortalidad en las personas infectadas por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH). Métodos. En las personas con diagnóstico de infección por VIH residentes en Navarra se analizó la mortalidad por causas desde 1985 hasta 2004. Resultados. De 1.649 personas diagnosticadas hasta 2004, 709 (43,0%) habían fallecido. La mortalidad alcanzó el máximo en 1993-1996 con 83,1 defunciones por 1.000 personas-año. La mortalidad por sida era de 68,3 y ha disminuido hasta 14,1 por 1.000 personas-año (p < 0,0001) en 2001-2004. Entre 1989-1992 y 2001-2004 la mortalidad por sobredosis por drogas disminuyó de 9,2 a 3,6 por 1.000 (p 5 0,0035) y la debida a enfermedad hepática aumentó de 1,6 a 6,6 por 1.000 personas-año (p 5 0,0061), sin cambios significativos en las restantes causas. En 2001-2004 el sida continuaba siendo la primera causa de muerte (44,4%), seguido por las enfermedades hepáticas (20,9%) y las sobredosis de drogas (11,3%). En la era de la terapia antirretroviral potente (1997-2004) la mortalidad es menor en mujeres, tanto por sida (razón de tasas [RT] 5 0,63; p 5 0,0344) como por otras causas (RT 5 0,59; p 5 0,0232), la edad mayor de 40 años se asocia a mayor mortalidad por causas distintas del sida (RT 5 1,77; p 5 0,0050) y la categoría de transmisión homosexual a menor (RT 5 0,22; p 5 0,0360). El diagnóstico simultáneo de VIH y sida conlleva mayor mortalidad por sida (RT 5 3,39; p < 0,0001). Conclusiones. El sida sigue siendo la primera causa de muerte en personas infectadas por el VIH, y también es elevada la mortalidad por hepatopatía y sobredosis. El diagnóstico temprano de la infección por VIH reduciría la mortalidad por sida (AU)

Objective. To describe the changes in causes of death among persons with HIV infection. Methods. An analysis of mortality according to cause was performed in persons diagnosed with HIV infection and residing in the province of Navarre (Spain) from 1985 to 2004. Results. Among 1,649 persons diagnosed with HIV infection up to 2004, 709 (43.0%) had died. Mortality reached the maximum in 1993-1996 with 83.1 deaths per 1,000 person-years (PY). Since that time and up to 2001-2004, mortality due to AIDS decreased from 68.3 to 14.1 per 1,000 PY (p 5 0.0001). From 1989-1992 period to the 2001-2004 period, mortality due to drug overdose dropped from 9.2 to 3.6 per 1,000 PY (p 5 0.0035) and mortality due to hepatic disease rose from 1.6 to 6.6 per 1000 PY (p 5 0.0061), with no significant changes in all other causes. In 2001-2004, AIDS continued to be the first cause of death (44.4%) in this population, followed by hepatic disease (20.9%) and drug overdose (11.3%). In the era of potent antiretroviral therapy (1997-2004), death caused by AIDS (rate ratio 5 0.63; p 5 0.0344) and by all other causes (RR 5 0.59; p 5 0.0232) was lower among women. In addition, mortality due to causes other than AIDS was higher in persons 40 years of age and older (RR 5 1.77; P 5 0.0050) and mortality was lower in homosexual men (RR 5 0.22; p 5 0.0360). A simultaneous diagnosis of HIV infection and AIDS was associated with higher mortality by AIDS (RR, 3.39; p < 0.0001). Conclusions. AIDS continues to be the primary cause of death in HIV-infected people, and mortality due to hepatic diseases and drug overdose is high. Early diagnosis of HIV-infection would reduce the incidence of deaths due to AIDS (AU)

[Considerations on surveillance of HIV infections. The experience of Navarre (Spain)]. / Consideraciones sobre la cuantificación de las infecciones por el VIH. La experiencia de Navarra.

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: The number and proportion of cases in the HIV registry of Navarre (Spain) that were residents of this region were quantified, according to the census and the healthcare card database. RESULTS: Of the 2,385 persons diagnosed with HIV infection to 2003, only 1,610 (67.5%) were residents of Navarre. The rate of HIV cases diagnosed among residents in Navarre was over 90 cases per million between 1994 and 1998, with values similar to those of Switzerland. In contrast with the time-trend in other European countries, the time-trend in Navarre decreased from 1994 to 2003. Since 2000 the rate of new HIV cases in Navarre has been lower than rates in Portugal, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium, Ireland, and the United Kingdom. CONCLUSION: To prevent overestimation of the number of HIV infections, cases duplicated between regions should be excluded. This could be achieved by a national HIV surveillance system.

Consideraciones sobre la cuantificación de las infecciones por el VIH. La experiencia de Navarra / Considerations on surveillance of HIV infections. The experience of Navarre [Spain]

Objetivo y métodos: En el registro de infecciones por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) de Navarra se han cuantificado el número y la proporción de casos que eran residentes en dicha comunidad, según el padrón y la base de datos de la tarjeta sanitaria. Resultados: De las 2.385 personas diagnosticadas de una infección por el VIH hasta 2003, sólo 1.610 (67,5%) eran residentes en Navarra. La tasa de diagnósticos de infección por el VIH en residentes en Navarra superaba los 90 casos por millón entre 1994 y 1998, con valores similares a los de Suiza. La tendencia en Navarra fue descendente entre 1994 y 2003, lo que contrasta con otros países de Europa. Desde 2000 la tasa de Navarra ha sido superada por la de Portugal, Suiza, Luxemburgo, Bélgica, Irlanda y el Reino Unido. Conclusión: Es necesario excluir los casos duplicados entre regiones para no sobrevalorar el número de infecciones por el VIH, lo cual quedaría resuelto con un sistema de notificación estatal

Objective and methods: The number and proportion of cases in the HIV registry of Navarre (Spain) that were residents of this region were quantified, according to the census and the healthcare card database. Results: Of the 2,385 persons diagnosed with HIV infection to 2003, only 1,610 (67.5%) were residents of Navarre. The rate of HIV cases diagnosed among residents in Navarre was over 90 cases per million between 1994 and 1998, with values similar to those of Switzerland. In contrast with the time-trend in other European countries, the time-trend in Navarre decreased from 1994 to 2003. Since 2000 the rate of new HIV cases in Navarre has been lower than rates in Portugal, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium, Ireland, and the United Kingdom. Conclusion: To prevent overestimation of the number of HIV infections, cases duplicated between regions should be excluded. This could be achieved by a national HIV surveillance system